# American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

ISSN:
1941-4889

eISSN:
1941-4897

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## Journal of Geometric Mechanics

2015 , Volume 7 , Issue 2

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2015, 7(2): 125-150 doi: 10.3934/jgm.2015.7.125 +[Abstract](227) +[PDF](526.1KB)
Abstract:
We study completeness properties of Sobolev metrics on the space of immersed curves and on the shape space of unparametrized curves. We show that Sobolev metrics of order $n\geq 2$ are metrically complete on the space $\mathcal{I}^n(S^1,\mathbb{R}^d)$ of Sobolev immersions of the same regularity and that any two curves in the same connected component can be joined by a minimizing geodesic. These results then imply that the shape space of unparametrized curves has the structure of a complete length space.
2015, 7(2): 151-168 doi: 10.3934/jgm.2015.7.151 +[Abstract](269) +[PDF](1448.6KB)
Abstract:
We study the extended Euler systems (EES) as an initial value problem. Particular realizations of it lead to several Lie-Poisson structures. We consider a 6-D Poisson structure that fit all of them together. The symplectic stratification of this non Lie-Poisson structure uses the first integrals which are elliptic and hyperbolic cylinders, although other quadrics may be used as well. A qualitative study of the solutions is carried out and the twelve Jacobi elliptic functions in the real domain are shown in an unified way as the solutions of the EES. As a consequence, Jacobi's transformation for the elliptic modulus is obtained. Likewise, introducing the square norm function we establish in a straightforward way the connection of the EES with the Weierstrass $\wp$ elliptic function, giving the relation of its invariants $g_i$ with the integrals and coefficients of the EES.
2015, 7(2): 169-202 doi: 10.3934/jgm.2015.7.169 +[Abstract](415) +[PDF](660.3KB)
Abstract:
Let $(M,g)$ be a compact, connected and oriented Riemannian manifold with volume form $d$ ${vol}_g$. We denote by $\mathcal{D}$ the space of smooth probability density functions on $M\,,$ i.e. $\mathcal{D}:= \{\rho\in C^{\infty}(M,\mathbb{R})| \rho>0\,\,$and$\,\,\int_{M}\rho\cdot$d${vol}_{g}=1\}\,.$ We regard $\mathcal{D}$ as an infinite dimensional manifold.
In this paper, we consider the almost Hermitian structure on $T\mathcal{D}$ associated, via Dombrowski's construction, to the Wasserstein metric $g^{\mathcal{D}}$ and a natural connection $\nabla^{\mathcal{D}}$ on $\mathcal{D}$. Using geometric mechanical methods, we show that the corresponding fundamental $2$-form on $T\mathcal{D}$ leads to the Schrödinger equation for a quantum particle living in $M$. Geometrically, we exhibit a map which pulls back the Fubini-Study symplectic form to the $2$-form on $T\mathcal{D}$. The integrability of the almost complex structure on $T\mathcal{D}$ is also discussed.
These results echo other papers of the author where it is stressed that the Fisher metric and exponential connection are related (via Dombrowski's construction) to Kähler geometry and the quantum formalism in finite dimension.
2015, 7(2): 203-253 doi: 10.3934/jgm.2015.7.203 +[Abstract](194) +[PDF](701.3KB)
Abstract:
We present a new multisymplectic framework for second-order classical field theories which is based on an extension of the unified Lagrangian-Hamiltonian formalism to these kinds of systems. This model provides a straightforward and simple way to define the Poincaré-Cartan form and clarifies the construction of the Legendre map (univocally obtained as a consequence of the constraint algorithm). Likewise, it removes the undesirable arbitrariness in the solutions to the field equations, which are analyzed in-depth, and written in terms of holonomic sections and multivector fields. Our treatment therefore completes previous attempt to achieve this aim. The formulation is applied to describing some physical examples; in particular, to giving another alternative multisymplectic description of the Korteweg-de Vries equation.

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